(1992)  Page(s) 128.  
 
The 'Apothecary's Rose' was known before 1600 -- it is probably the oldest form of Rosa gallica in cultivation. Legend has it that it was brought to Provins, France, in the 13th century by the count of that region, Thibaut le Chansonnier. Its blossoms are semidouble and deep pink. It blooms in the spring. It is hardy to Zone 3. It grows 2 ft to 5 ft high / 2 ft to 4 ft wide, has hips, and eventually will sucker and thicken into a sturdy clump once established and acclimated. (It's small, 2 to 3 feet in Texas, in cooler climates, it will reach 4 feet.)

(1992)  Page(s) 133.  Includes photo(s).
 
Autumn Damask Description... under the name 'Rose of Castille', the 'Autumn Damask' can be found growing nearly wild in New Mexico and California...

(1992)  Page(s) 57.  
 
'Cardinal de Richelieu' is suitable for pegging.

(1992)  Page(s) 129.  
 
1840 - Hardy to Zone 4 - 3 ft to 5 ft high / 2 ft to 4 ft wide - fragrant - mauve - once-blooming - first raised in Holland and originally known as 'Rose van Sian' after its breeder there. It is thought that Laffay received the rose from Van Sian and reintroduced it with a new name - double - spring-blooming - cut back 1/3 after bloom (it will bloom more heavily with this treatment.) Of all the Old Garden Roses, only Gallicas are truly purple, and 'Cardinal de Richelieu' is one of the purplest

(1992)  Page(s) 132.  Includes photo(s).
 
Description... ('Pompon des Princes')... blooms for six or seven weeks... This rose has been reported growing wild in the hills of Iran. One of the toughest and most carefree of the Damasks it blooms for a long season -- six or seven weeks...

(1992)  Page(s) 130.  Includes photo(s).
 
Flower: The petals vary between cream white and pale pink, sometimes one, sometimes the other, sometimes half and half, double. Bush: fuller and more branching than the other Damasks they grow. Begins blooming very early in the spring and continues for six weeks or more.

(1992)  Page(s) 130.  
 
York and Lancaster Fragrant. Pink blend. The badge of the royal house of York in England was a white rose, Rosa alba, and the badge of the royal house of Lancaster was a red rose, R. gallica. Their opposing claims to the throne led to the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485), which ended with a marriage uniting the two factions with the white superimposed upon the red. Double. Blooms in spring for about six weeks.